Main Difference
The Ribosomal RNAs (rRNA) present in the Bacteria and Archaea are not the same given that this is the Archea which is well equipped with three RNA polymerases such as the eukaryotes, but bacteria, on the other side, contains only one. The microorganisms known as the Archaea have the cell walls but it is not equipped with the peptidoglycan. This wall has the membranes that enclose lipids with the hydrocarbons rather than the fatty acids (not a bilayer). The lipids are present in the membranes of archaea. The nature of these lipids is only one of its kinds which contain ether linkages that are available between the glycerol backbones rather than the ester linkages. The appearance of the Archaea is very similar to the eukaryotes unlike the bacteria. In the similar way, the ribosomes of the Archaea work more like the eukaryotic ribosomes as compared to the bacterial ribosomes. The Archaea is made up of a domain or kingdom of microorganisms which is single. They are the microbes which are called the prokaryotes. The word of the prokaryote gives the meaning of no cell nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles in the cells of the Archaea. The Bacteria, on the other hand, constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. The size of the most of the bacteria is composed of a few micrometers in length. The bacteria are available in a number of shapes that can be found in the form of the spheres, rods and the spirals. The nature of the Archaea is to bear lots of weather conditions and this is the major reason that they are capable of living in the extreme and harsh environments such as the hot springs, salt lakes, marshlands, oceans, gut of ruminants and humans. The bacteria are present all over the place including the soil, hot springs, radioactive waste water, Earth’s crust, and organic matter, bodies of plants and animals and lots of other places.
Bacteria
The number of RNA polymerases which are present in the microorganism is only one in the case of bacteria. It constitutes a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms by nature. A few micrometers in length are the sizes of the bacteria in most of the cases. The spheres, rods and the spirals are the major shapes in which you are able to find the bacteria. The presence of the bacteria is not secluded to any particular place because you are able to locate them in the soil, hot springs, radioactive waste water, Earth’s crust, and organic matter in addition to the plants and animals bodies. The reproduction process of the bacteria is performed by using the asexually method. The binary fission, budding and the fragmentation are the main techniques used by the bacteria for the prime goal of reproduction. A unique ability to form spores in order to remain dormant over years is the exceptional quality of the bacteria. The cell wall is present in the bacteria that contain the peptidoglycan together with the cell membrane and uses ether linked lipids.
Archaea
The Archea are those types of microorganism which are comprised of three RNA polymerases, including the eukaryotes. Even though the cell wall is present in the Archaea but it doesn’t contain the peptidoglycan. After critically examine the nature of the Archea, you will come to know that it is well equipped with the presence of the lipids that you can locate easily in the membranes of archaea. Archea is the microorganisms which have the unique kind of lipids and contain ether linkages between the glycerol backbones. The looks of the Archaea are very similar to that of the eukaryotes. Archaea were recognized as an individual domain of life from the last couple of decades. Various types of weather conditions and environments such as the hot springs, salt lakes, marshlands, oceans, gut of ruminants and humans can be handled by the archaea. In the cells of the archaea, no cell nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelles is present. Asexually is the process which is adopted by the Archae in order to reproduce and because of this fact, you will find the process of binary fission, budding and fragmentation in the archaea.
Key Differences
- In the case of the Archaea, the cell membrane is present, containing the ether linkages. The cell membrane contains ester bonds in bacteria.
- There is no scope of wall peptidoglycan in the Achaea. The cell wall is made of peptidoglycan in bacteria.
- The behavior of the genes and enzymes in the Achaea is very similar to the Eukaryotes and they have three RNA polymerases such as the eukaryotes and the extremophiles. The Bacteria, on the other hand, has only one RNA polymerase; and the bacteria utilize a different way to react to antibiotics.